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Q151. The GET method should never be used when sensitive data such as credit is being sent to a CGI program. This is because any GET command will appear in the URL and will be logged by any servers. For example, let’s say that you’ve entered your credit card information into a form that uses the GET method. The URL may appear like this:
https://www.xsecurity-bank.com/creditcard.asp?cardnumber=454543433532234
The GET method appends the credit card number to the URL. This means that anyone with access to a server log will be able to obtain this information.
How would you protect from this type of attack?
A. Replace the GET with POST method when sending data
B. Never include sensitive information in a script
C. Use HTTOS SSLV3 to send the data instead of plain HTTPS
D. Encrypt the data before you send using GET method
Answer: A
Explanation: If the method is "get", the user agent takes the value of action, appends a ? to it, then appends the form data set, encoded using the application/x-www-form-urlencoded content type. The user agent then traverses the link to this URI. If the method is "post" --, the user agent conducts an HTTP post transaction using the value of the action attribute and a message created according to the content type specified by the enctype attribute.
Q152. Neil is a network administrator working in Istanbul. Neil wants to setup a protocol analyzer on his network that will receive a copy of every packet that passes through the main office switch. What type of port will Neil need to setup in order to accomplish this?
A. Neil will have to configure a Bridged port that will copy all packets to the protocol analyzer.
B. Neil will need to setup SPAN port that will copy all network traffic to the protocol analyzer.
C. He will have to setup an Ether channel port to get a copy of all network traffic to the analyzer.
D. He should setup a MODS port which will copy all network traffic.
Answer: B
Q153. Which of the following steganography utilities exploits the nature of white space and allows the user to conceal information in these white spaces?
A. Snow
B. Gif-It-Up
C. NiceText
D. Image Hide
Answer: A
Explanation: The program snow is used to conceal messages in ASCII text by appending whitespace to the end of lines. Because spaces and tabs are generally not visible in text viewers, the message is effectively hidden from casual observers. And if the built-in encryption is used, the message cannot be read even if it is detected.
Q154. Which of the following is the best way an attacker can passively learn about technologies used in an organization?
A. By sending web bugs to key personnel
B. By webcrawling the organization web site
C. By searching regional newspapers and job databases for skill sets technology hires need to possess in the organization
D. By performing a port scan on the organization's web site
Answer: C
Explanation: Note: Sending web bugs, webcrawling their site and port scanning are considered "active" attacks, the question asks "passive"
Q155. Which of the following commands runs snort in packet logger mode?
A. ./snort -dev -h ./log
B. ./snort -dev -l ./log
C. ./snort -dev -o ./log
D. ./snort -dev -p ./log
Answer: B
Explanation: Note: If you want to store the packages in binary mode for later analysis use ./snort -l ./log -b
Q156. Bubba has just accessed he preferred ecommerce web site and has spotted an item that he would like to buy. Bubba considers the price a bit too steep. He looks at the source code of the webpage and decides to save the page locally, so that he can modify the page variables. In the context of web application security, what do you think Bubba has changes?
A. A hidden form field value.
B. A hidden price value.
C. An integer variable.
D. A page cannot be changed locally, as it is served by a web server.
Answer: A
Q157. You want to know whether a packet filter is in front of 192.168.1.10. Pings to 192.168.1.10 don't get answered. A basic nmap scan of 192.168.1.10 seems to hang without returning any information. What should you do next?
A. Use NetScan Tools Pro to conduct the scan
B. Run nmap XMAS scan against 192.168.1.10
C. Run NULL TCP hping2 against 192.168.1.10
D. The firewall is blocking all the scans to 192.168.1.10
Answer: C
Q158. Melissa is a virus that attacks Microsoft Windows platforms.
To which category does this virus belong?
A. Polymorphic
B. Boot Sector infector
C. System
D. Macro
Answer: D
Explanation: The Melissa macro virus propagates in the form of an email message containing an infected Word document as an attachment.
Q159. What is a primary advantage a hacker gains by using encryption or programs such as Loki?
A. It allows an easy way to gain administrator rights
B. It is effective against Windows computers
C. It slows down the effective response of an IDS
D. IDS systems are unable to decrypt it
E. Traffic will not be modified in transit
Answer: D
Explanation: Because the traffic is encrypted, an IDS cannot understand it or evaluate the payload.
Q160. One of your junior administrator is concerned with Windows LM hashes and password cracking. In your discussion with them, which of the following are true statements that you would point out?
Select the best answers.
A. John the Ripper can be used to crack a variety of passwords, but one limitation is that the output doesn't show if the password is upper or lower case.
B. BY using NTLMV1, you have implemented an effective countermeasure to password cracking.
C. SYSKEY is an effective countermeasure.
D. If a Windows LM password is 7 characters or less, the hash will be passed with the following characters, in HEX- 00112233445566778899.
E. Enforcing Windows complex passwords is an effective countermeasure.
Answer: ACE
Explanations:
John the Ripper can be used to crack a variety of passwords, but one limitation is that the output doesn't show if the password is upper or lower case. John the Ripper is a very effective password cracker. It can crack passwords for many different types of operating systems. However, one limitation is that the output doesn't show if the password is upper or lower case. BY using NTLMV1, you have implemented an effective countermeasure to password cracking. NTLM Version 2 (NTLMV2) is a good countermeasure to LM password cracking (and therefore a correct answer). To do this, set Windows 9x and NT systems to "send NTLMv2 responses only". SYSKEY is an effective countermeasure. It uses 128 bit encryption on the local copy of the Windows SAM. If a Windows LM password is 7 characters or less, the has will be passed with the following characters: 0xAAD3B435B51404EE Enforcing Windows complex passwords is an effective countermeasure to password cracking. Complex passwords are- greater than 6 characters and have any 3 of the following 4 items: upper case, lower case, special characters, and numbers.